The correct stability order of the following diazonium salts is
Text Solution
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The stability of benzenediazonium salts is governed by the electronic effects of the substituents present on the benzene ring.
The diazonium group
is strongly electron-withdrawing. Electron-donating groups (EDG) stabilize the diazonium cation by dispersing the positive charge through resonance or inductive effects, whereas electronwithdrawing groups (EWG) destabilize it by increasing the positive charge density.
In , the
group at the para position is a strong electron-donating group via the
effect, which significantly stabilizes the diazonium ion.
In , there is no substituent (hydrogen), providing a baseline stability.
In , the
group is an electron-withdrawing group via
and
effects, which destabilizes the cation.
In , the
group is a very strong electron-withdrawing group via
and
effects, even stronger than
, leading to the least stability.
Comparing the effects:
of
of
of
.
Therefore, the correct stability order is
.
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